woliston



@aiptek faire atnt @ffice PHILIP N. WOLISTO, OF SPRINGFIELD, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AN D FERRELL, LUDLOW,` AND' RODGERS.

Leen-S Parent No. 80,890, 'aerea August 11, 186e.

IMPBOVED BRIGKMAGHINE.

@te ftaulr nicht is in ligne @niet atent mit uniting nrt nf tige same.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY OONCERN: v

Be it known that IPHIL'IP N. WoLIsroN, of Springfield, in the county of Clarke, and State'of Ohio, have invented a newand seful Improvement in Brick-Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following isla full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making part of this speciiication, in which l i Figure 1 is a perspective view,

Figure 2 is a. transverse section, and

Figure 3 is a vertical section.

The same letters in all the figures indicate the same parts.

This invention relates to that class of machines for making bricks, in which the clay is pressed through a tubular die in acontinuous piece, to be afterwards Acut into bricks; and it consists in placing, in the central part of such tubular die, parallel rods, which, running longitudinally, terminate near the mouth of the die, so that the clay, in being forced through the die, shall be retarded in the centre, and thus made to pass uniformly'out of the machine; also, in giving such form to the mouth of the die that the corners of the prism of clay shall rst emerge from the die, the sides being longer retained;v also, inso attaching the rods to a bridgel fastened to the mouth-plate of themachine that theyfmay beremoved, as well as the die whichis bolted to the outside oi said plate, so that a core'bein'g attached to the bridge, the same machine may be used either for making brick or tile. Y

A practical difficulty in operating this class of machines has been found to be, that as the friction of the clay against the sides of the die is greater than that between the particles of clay, the central part of the prism would be pushed out faster than the sides, which are retarded. So, also, the friction at the cornersbeing greater in proportion to theimass of clay than along the sides, the delivery of the corners is retarded, and the prism of clay, as delivered, is distorted and of unequal density, so that, in drying, the bricks crack at the angles, and the centre being denser'than the edges, the latter wold shrink most in drying, so that the brick becomes convex on tire faces.

Precisely opposite resultsarc-desired. The clay should be delivered so that the edges shall be sharp, and

the centre should be less dense than the edges, so that in drying the bricks shall shrink mostra-t the centre,

leaving the faces slightly concave, and the edges sharp and well defined, and without cracks.' These results are attained by the following arrangement of parts. A

In the annexed drawing, A is the die, through which thefclny, afterbeing properly'tempcred, is forced in aeontinuous prismatic block, to be afterwards eut into the proper length for bricks. This die is formed of an external cast-iron case, Vandan internal lining of polished metallic plates, glass, porcelain, or other suitable material, to reduce friction. I prefer to use glass for this purpose. The lining, being made smaller in diameter than the case, may be attached by filling the intermediate spacewitli plaster-of-Iaris or other cement. The

die is bolted to the mouth-plate E of'V the machine. The bridge C is also bolted to the inner face of the samp plate'. The rods D, placed parallel with one another, are attached to the bridge by screw-threads, and are placed in the middle part of, lthe chamber of the die, resting longitudinally therein. They may be made taper- -ing to the point, and either terminated a little' short of the month of the die or continued beyond In the former ease, the prism issuing from the die will be a compacted mass of clay, orin the latter, it may be left perforatedlongitudinally, which may be found to be useful in. drying the bricks. The friction on the faces being, as already stated, greatest, these rods are intended to cause a resistance to the passage of the clay through the centre of the die, and occasion a uniform motion in the mass ofclay passing through the die. The 4rods also, by leaving spaces into which the clayis expanded in issuing from the die'leav,e the centre of the prism less dense than the edges, so that, shrinking indrying, the brick shall assume a convex form on its faces, as the centre will shrink more than the edges. I

The rods, being attached by screws to the bridge, may be removed,A anda core be attached to the bridge to form tile, so that, with'slight alteration, the sam'e machine may be used for making brickor tile.

-The'mouth of the die is ordinarily made square. Insteadl of this, I cut away the plates at the corners so as to leave projections atth'e middle of the sides and ends at A', so that as `the clay passes through the die the corners shall rst be relieved, so that the clay may be packed compaetly into the angles, and pass from the die without straining or distorting the corners.

I have ascertained by experiment that 'five rods will answer in p'ractic precise number, the-number required being dependent upon the character of the clay, and its-condition.

What Iolaim as my inventien, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- 1. The die A, in combination with rods D, arranged in `relation thereto substantially as and for the pure, but do not limit myself to any pose vset forth.

2. Forming the mouthof the die with projeetionsin the middle of the sides at A', substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

. In testimonywhereof, I have signed my name to this specicationin thepresence of'two subscribing witnesses.

l PHILIP N. WOLISTON.

Witnesses:

v DAVID M. COCHRAN.

C. ALBIN. 

